Event-by-Event Simulation of the Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Evolution from Flux Tube Initial Conditions in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

TL;DR

This paper introduces a comprehensive 3+1D hydrodynamic simulation framework for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, incorporating flux tube initial conditions, event-by-event fluctuations, realistic equations of state, and a hadronic cascade, to better understand collision dynamics.

Contribution

It presents a novel event-by-event 3+1D hydrodynamic model with flux tube initial conditions and integrated hadronic cascade, improving realism in heavy ion collision simulations.

Findings

Reproduces ridge structures in two-particle correlations.

Demonstrates compatibility with lattice QCD equations of state.

Provides detailed evolution of conserved charges during collisions.

Abstract

We present a realistic treatment of the hydrodynamic evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, based on the following features: initial conditions obtained from a flux tube approach, compatible with the string model and the color glass condensate picture; event-by-event procedure, taking into the account the highly irregular space structure of single events, being experimentally visible via so-called ridge structures in two-particle correlations; use of an efficient code for solving the hydrodynamic equations in 3+1 dimensions, including the conservation of baryon number, strangeness, and electric charge; employment of a realistic equation-of-state, compatible with lattice gauge results; use of a complete hadron resonance table, making our calculations compatible with the results from statistical models; hadronic cascade procedure after an hadronization from the thermal matter at an early time.