
TL;DR
This paper explores the quantum vacuum's phenomenology, linking thermodynamics, topology, and symmetry to address cosmological constant problems and the emergence of relativistic particles and gauge fields from topological media.
Contribution
It presents a novel topological framework for understanding vacuum properties, particle masses, and the emergence of fundamental forces within the Standard Model.
Findings
The vacuum's natural energy density is zero in equilibrium.
Relativistic fermions emerge as topologically protected quasiparticles.
Hierarchy problem is addressed via topological phases of the vacuum.
Abstract
We discuss phenomenology of quantum vacuum. Phenomenology of macroscopic systems has three sources: thermodynamics, topology and symmetry. Thermodynamics of the self-sustained vacuum allows us to treat the problems related to the vacuum energy: the cosmological constant problems. The natural value of the energy density of the equilibrium the self-sustained vacuum is zero. Cosmology is discussed as the process of relaxation of vacuum towards the equilibrium state. The present value of the cosmological constant is very small compared to the Planck scale, because the present Universe is very old and thus is close to equilibrium. Momentum space topology determines the universality classes of fermionic vacua. The Standard Model vacuum both in its massless and massive states is topological medium. The vacuum in its massless state shares the properties of superfluid 3He-A, which is topological…
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