Phase Diagrams of Three-Component Attractive Ultracold Fermions in One-Dimension

TL;DR

This paper explores the phase diagrams of one-dimensional SU(3) attractive fermions, analyzing trions, pairing, and quantum phase transitions using Bethe ansatz and numerical methods across different coupling regimes.

Contribution

It provides analytical and numerical phase diagrams for SU(3) fermions, revealing how phases evolve with coupling strength and external fields in one dimension.

Findings

Pure trionic phase diminishes with decreasing coupling.

Weak coupling allows for a BCS-paired phase under certain conditions.

Analytical results match numerical solutions in weak and strong regimes.

Abstract

We investigate trions, paired states and quantum phase transitions in one-dimensional SU(3) attractive fermions in external fields by means of the Bethe ansatz and the dressed energy formalism. Analytical results for the ground state energy, critical fields and complete phase diagrams are presented for weak and strong regimes. Numerical solutions of the dressed energy equations allow us to examine how the different phase boundaries modify by varying the inter-component coupling throughout the whole attractive regimes. The pure trionic phase reduces smoothly by decreasing this coupling until the weak limit is reached. In this weak regime, a pure BCS-paired phase can be sustained under certain nonlinear Zeeman splittings. Finally we confirm that the analytic expressions for the physical quantities and resulting phase diagrams are highly accurate in the weak and strong coupling regimes.