New Examples of Marginally Trapped Surfaces and Tubes in Warped Spacetimes

TL;DR

This paper introduces new examples and a novel construction method for marginally trapped surfaces and tubes in FLRW and twisted spacetimes, linking them to CMC surfaces and utilizing the Hopf map.

Contribution

It presents a new approach to construct marginally trapped surfaces in closed FLRW spacetimes using the Hopf map, extending to twisted spaces.

Findings

New examples of marginally trapped surfaces and tubes in FLRW spacetimes.

A construction method based on the Hopf map for closed FLRW spacetimes.

Extension of the approach to twisted spaces.

Abstract

In the present paper we provide new examples of marginally trapped surfaces and tubes in FLRW spacetimes by using a basic relation between these objects and CMC surfaces in 3-manifolds. We also provide a new method to construct marginally trapped surfaces in closed FLRW spacetimes, which is based on the classical Hopf map. The utility of this method is illustrated by providing marginally trapped surfaces crossing expanding and collapsing regions of a closed FLRW spacetime. The approach introduced in this paper is also extended to twisted spaces.