Likely formation of general relativistic radiation pressure supported stars or "eternally collapsing objects"

TL;DR

The paper proposes that during gravitational collapse, stars can form relativistic radiation pressure supported states with high redshift before becoming black holes, suggesting black hole candidates might be hot quark-gluon plasma objects.

Contribution

It introduces the concept that RRPSSs can form during collapse at high redshift, providing a new perspective on black hole formation and the nature of black hole candidates.

Findings

RRPSSs can form at high redshift during collapse

Trapped radiation flux reaches Eddington limit before black hole formation

Black hole candidates may be hot quark-gluon plasma objects

Abstract

Hoyle and Folwler showed that there could be Radiation Pressure Supported Stars (RPSS) even in Newtonian gravity. Much later, Mitra found that one could also conceive of their General Relativistic (GR) version, "Relativistic Radiation Pressure Supported Stars" (RRPSSs). While RPSSs have $z\ll 1$, RRPSSs have $z \gg 1$, where $z$ is the surface gravitational redshift. Here we elaborate on the formation of RRPSSs during continued gravitational collapse by recalling that a contracting massive star must start trapping radiation as it would enter its {\em photon sphere}. It is found that, irrespective of the details of the contraction process, the trapped radiation flux should attain the corresponding Eddington value at sufficiently large $z\gg 1$. This means that continued GR collapse may generate an intermediate RRPSS with $z\gg 1$ before a true BH state with $z=\infty$ is formed asymptotically. An exciting consequence of this is that the stellar mass black hole candidates, at present epoch, should be hot balls of quark gluon plasma, as has been discussed by Royzen in a recent article entitled "{\it QCD against black holes?}".