Source Counts at 15 microns from the AKARI NEP Survey

TL;DR

This paper presents the deepest and widest 15-micron galaxy counts from the AKARI NEP survey, revealing a slight excess at faint fluxes and confirming the steep evolutionary rise in galaxy counts.

Contribution

It provides the first contiguous wide-area 15-micron galaxy counts from AKARI, surpassing previous ISO surveys in depth and area, and compares these results with ISO and Spitzer data.

Findings

AKARI counts are consistent with previous surveys at brighter fluxes.

Detected a slight excess of sources at fluxes below 200 microJy.

Confirmed the steep evolutionary rise in galaxy counts at faint fluxes.

Abstract

We present galaxy counts at 15 microns using the Japanese AKARI satellite's NEP-deep and NEP-wide legacy surveys at the North Ecliptic Pole. The total number of sources detected are approximately 6700 and 10,700 down to limiting fluxes of 117 and 250 microJy (5 sigma) for the NEP-deep and NEP-wide survey respectively. We construct the Euclidean normalized differential source counts for both data sets (assuming 80 percent completeness levels of 200 and 270 microJy respectively) to produce the widest and deepest contiguous survey at 15 microns to date covering the entire flux range from the deepest to shallowest surveys made with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) over areas sufficiently significant to overcome cosmic variance, detecting six times as many sources as the largest survey carried out with ISO.We compare the results from AKARI with the previous surveys with ISO at the same wavelength and the Spitzer observations at 16 microns using the peek-up camera on its IRS instrument. The AKARI source counts are consistent with other results to date reproducing the steep evolutionary rise at fluxes less than a milliJansky and super-Euclidean slopes. We find the the AKARI source counts show a slight excess at fluxes fainter than 200 microJanskys which is not predicted by previous source count models at 15 microns. However, we caution that at this level we may be suffering from the effects of source confusion in our data. At brighter fluxes greater than a milliJansky, the NEP-wide survey source counts agree with the Northern ISO-ELAIS field results, resolving the discrepancy of the bright end calibration in the ISO 15 micron source counts.