Constraining Proton Lifetime in SO(10) with Stabilized Doublet-Triplet Splitting

TL;DR

This paper develops a realistic supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified model with a stable doublet-triplet splitting mechanism, leading to precise predictions for proton decay modes and rates.

Contribution

It introduces a minimal Higgs sector with a stable DT splitting mechanism in SO(10), incorporating a Z_2-assisted U(1)_A symmetry to control threshold corrections and proton decay predictions.

Findings

Stable doublet-triplet splitting achieved without pseudo-Goldstone bosons.

Predictive correlations between proton decay modes established.

Both proton decay modes should be observable with increased experimental sensitivity.

Abstract

We present a class of realistic unified models based on supersymmetric SO(10) wherein issues related to natural doublet-triplet (DT) splitting are fully resolved. Using a minimal set of low dimensional Higgs fields which includes a single adjoint, we show that the Dimopoulos--Wilzcek mechanism for DT splitting can be made stable in the presence of all higher order operators without having pseudo-Goldstone bosons and flat directions. The \mu term of order TeV is found to be naturally induced. A Z_2-assisted anomalous U(1)_A gauge symmetry plays a crucial role in achieving these results. The threshold corrections to alpha_3(M_Z), somewhat surprisingly, are found to be controlled by only a few effective parameters. This leads to a very predictive scenario for proton decay. As a novel feature, we find an interesting correlation between the d=6 (p\to e^+\pi^0) and d=5 (p\to \nu-bar K+) decay amplitudes which allows us to derive a constrained upper limit on the inverse rate of the e^+\pi^0 mode. Our results show that both modes should be observed with an improvement in the current sensitivity by about a factor of five to ten.