A Hybrid Mechanism Forming a 2:1 Librating-Circulating Resonant Configuration in the Planetary System

TL;DR

This paper explores how a hybrid mechanism involving scattering and collision among planets and planetesimals can lead to the formation of a 2:1 librating-circulating resonance configuration in planetary systems, exemplified by HD 128311 and HD 73526.

Contribution

It introduces a new hybrid mechanism combining scattering and collision events to explain the formation of specific resonance configurations in planetary systems.

Findings

Early scattering or collision events influence resonance configurations.

Hybrid mechanisms can produce 2:1 librating-circulating resonances.

Mass and position changes of giant planets affect resonance formation.

Abstract

A diversity of resonance configurations may be formed under different migration of two giant planets. And the researchers show that the HD 128311 and HD 73526 planetary systems are involved in a 2:1 mean motion resonance but not in apsidal corotation, because one of the resonance argument circulates over the dynamical evolution. In this paper, we investigate potential mechanisms to form the 2:1 librating-circulating resonance configuration. In the late stage of planetary formation, scattering or colliding among planetesimals and planetary embryos can frequently occur. Hence, in our model, we consider a planetary configuration of two giants together with few terrestrial planets. We find that both colliding or scattering events at very early stage of dynamical evolution can influence the configurations trapped into resonance. A planet-planet scattering of a moderate terrestrial planet, or multiple scattering of smaller planets in a crowded planetary system can change the resonant configuration. In addition, collision or merging can alter the masses and location of the giant planets, which also play an important role in shaping the resonant configuration during the dynamical evolution. In this sense, the librating-circulating resonance configuration is more likely to form by a hybrid mechanism of scattering and collision.