Can a Nucleus be Larger Than an Atom (QUANTUM Last Supper-Position)

TL;DR

This paper explores a quantum mechanical scenario where, under specific conditions, the nucleus of an atom can appear larger than the entire atom due to its de Broglie wavelength, challenging traditional size assumptions.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical effect where the nucleus's de Broglie wavelength exceeds the atom's size, suggesting a novel quantum behavior with potential implications for atomic structure understanding.

Findings

Nucleus can have a de Broglie wavelength larger than the atom.

Measurement can make the nucleus behave as a wave without affecting electron dynamics.

Theoretically demonstrates a nucleus larger than the atom in a quantum superposition.

Abstract

In this work we consider an extraordinary quantum mechanical effect when, roughly speaking, the nucleus of an atom becomes (linearly) larger than the whole atom. Precisely, we consider Helium ion (in the ground state of the electron) moving translationally with the speed much smaller than speed of the electron rotation. This translation, effectively, changes neither the total momentum, nor the de Broglie wave length of the electron, nor the linear size of the atom corresponding to the diameter of the electron orbit. But, this translation implies a small nucleus momentum and nuclear de Broglie wavelength almost hundred times larger than the electron de Broglie wavelength. In the measurement of the nucleus wavelength using a diffraction apparatus with a characteristic length constant proportional to the proposed nucleus wavelength, according to standard quantum mechanical formalism, the nucleus behaves practically certainly as a wave. Then the unique, irreducible linear characteristic size for such a nucleus is de Broglie wavelength. Such a measurement effectively influences neither the electron dynamics nor linear size of the atom. This implies that, in such measurement, the size of the nucleus is in one dimension larger than the whole atom, i.e. electron orbital. All this corresponds metaphorically to the famous Leonardo fresco "Last Supper" where Jesus' words coming from the nucleus, i.e. center of the composition, cause an expanding "superposition" or dramatic wave-like movement of the apostles.