Finite temperature effects on spin polarization of neutron matter in a strong magnetic field

TL;DR

This study explores how finite temperatures and strong magnetic fields influence spin polarization in neutron matter, revealing multiple solution branches and unusual entropy behavior linked to effective mass differences, with implications for neutron star physics.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of multiple spin polarization solutions at finite temperatures and analyzes the entropy behavior related to effective mass differences in neutron matter.

Findings

Multiple spin polarization branches exist at finite temperatures.

Finite temperature effects are moderate up to protoneutron star temperatures.

Unusual entropy behavior is linked to effective mass differences.

Abstract

Spin polarization of neutron matter at finite temperatures and strong magnetic fields up to $10^{18}$ G is studied in the model with the Skyrme effective interaction. It is shown that, together with the thermodynamically stable branch of solutions for the spin polarization parameter corresponding to the case when the majority of neutron spins are oriented opposite to the direction of the magnetic field (negative spin polarization), the self-consistent equations, beginning from some threshold density, have also two other branches of solutions corresponding to positive spin polarization. The influence of finite temperatures on spin polarization remains moderate in the Skyrme model up to temperatures relevant for protoneutron stars, and, in particular, the scenario with the metastable state characterized by positive spin polarization, considered at zero temperature in Phys. Rev. C {\bf 80}, 065801 (2009), is preserved at finite temperatures as well. It is shown that above certain density the entropy for various branches of spin polarization in neutron matter with the Skyrme interaction in a strong magnetic field demonstrates the unusual behavior being larger than that of the nonpolarized state. By providing the corresponding low-temperature analysis, it is clarified that this unexpected behavior should be addressed to the dependence of the entropy of a spin polarized state on the effective masses of neutrons with spin up and spin down, and to a certain constraint on them which is violated in the respective density range.