X-probability and Irreversibility Paradox

TL;DR

This paper introduces the concept of X-probability, a non-Schrodinger probability, to explain irreversibility in macroscopic systems and justify probabilistic approaches in statistical mechanics.

Contribution

It proposes X-probability as a new fundamental concept to account for irreversibility and randomness beyond standard quantum mechanics.

Findings

X-probability explains irreversibility in macrosystems.

Supports probabilistic methods in statistical mechanics.

Provides basis for abandoning strict mechanical determinism.

Abstract

Based on the general thought that mechanics cannot be absolutely exact, supported by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on the reversal of time in spin systems, we postulate existence of a probability which do not follow from the Schroudinger equation, or X-probability. It is shown that the X-probability allows explain irreversibility of evolution of macrosystems, and also creates a basis for using probabilistic methods in statistical mechanics and for deliverance from the mechanical determinism.