Photonic bandgap fiber bundle spectrometer

TL;DR

This paper presents an all-fiber spectrometer using a bundle of photonic bandgap fibers and a CCD camera, capable of reconstructing spectra with high accuracy across a broad visible range, promising advancements in multispectral imaging.

Contribution

The work introduces a novel fiber bundle spectrometer utilizing photonic bandgap fibers and a reconstruction algorithm, enabling accurate spectral measurement without moving parts.

Findings

Spectral range covered: 400nm-840nm.

Wavelength reconstruction accuracy within a few percent.

Effective resolution for narrow peaks down to 5nm FWHM.

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate an all-fiber spectrometer consisting of a photonic bandgap fiber bundle and a black and white CCD camera. Photonic crystal fibers used in this work are the large solid core all-plastic Bragg fibers designed for operation in the visible spectral range and featuring bandgaps of 60nm - 180nm-wide. 100 Bragg fibers were chosen to have complimentary and partially overlapping bandgaps covering a 400nm-840nm spectral range. The fiber bundle used in our work is equivalent in its function to a set of 100 optical filters densely packed in the area of ~1cm2. Black and white CCD camera is then used to capture spectrally "binned" image of the incoming light at the output facet of a fiber bundle. To reconstruct the test spectrum from a single CCD image we developed an algorithm based on pseudo-inversion of the spectrometer transmission matrix. We then study resolution limit of this spectroscopic system by testing its performance using spectrally narrow test peaks (FWHM 5nm-25nm) centered at various positions within the 450nm-700nm spectral interval. We find that the peak center wavelength can always be reconstructed within several percent of its true value regardless of the peak width or position. We believe that photonic bandgap fiber bundle-based spectrometers have a potential to become an important technology in multispectral imaging because of their simplicity (lack of moving parts), instantaneous response, and high degree of integration.