Dark Matter and Dark Energy from Gravitational Symmetry Breaking

TL;DR

This paper proposes a gravitational symmetry breaking mechanism involving pseudo Nambu-Goldstone dark matter, affecting cosmological observations and neutrino masses, and introduces a modified convergence mechanism within the AWE hypothesis.

Contribution

It introduces a novel gravitational symmetry breaking process based on mass variation of dark matter particles, extending the AWE hypothesis to explain cosmological phenomena.

Findings

Constraints on symmetry breaking energy scales from supernova data

Implications for neutrino masses and lepton number symmetry

Modified convergence mechanism consistent with observations

Abstract

We build a mechanism of gravitational symmetry breaking (GSB) of a global U(1) symmetry based on the relaxation of the equivalence principle due to the mass variation of pseudo Nambu-Goldstone dark matter (DM) particles. This GSB process is described by the modified cosmological convergence mechanism of the Abnormally Weighting Energy (AWE) Hypothesis previously introduced by the authors. Several remarkable constraints from the Hubble diagram of far-away supernovae are derived, notably on the explicit and gravitational symmetry breaking energy scales of the model. We then briefly present some consequences on neutrino masses when this mechanism is applied to the particular case of the breaking of lepton number symmetry.