Supersymmetry Breaking and Gravitino Production after Inflation in Modular Invariant Supergravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates supersymmetry breaking and gravitino production immediately after inflation using a string-inspired modular invariant supergravity model, finding rapid gravitino decay before BBN and implications for dark matter.

Contribution

It introduces a specific modular invariant supergravity model to analyze supersymmetry breaking and gravitino production post-inflation, with detailed decay rate calculations and cosmological implications.

Findings

Gravitinos are produced by decay of modular fields T and Y, not from inflaton.

Gravitino mass is around 3.16 x 10^{12} GeV, much heavier than the inflaton.

Gravitinos decay rapidly before the BBN stage, avoiding cosmological problems.

Abstract

By using a string-inspired modular invariant supergravity, which was proved well to explain WMAP observations appropriately, a mechanism of supersymmetry breaking (SSB) and Gravitino Production just after the end of inflation are investigated. Supersymmetry is broken mainly by F-term of the inflaton superfield and the Goldstino is identified to be inflatino in this model, which fact is shown numerically. By using the canonically normalized and diagonalized scalars, the decay rates of these fields are calculated, for both the $T$ and $Y$ into gravitinos. Non-thermal production of gravitinos is not generated from the inflaton (dilaton), since the inflaton mass is lighter than gravitino, but they are produced by the decay of modular field $T$ and scalar field $Y$. Because the reheating temperature $T_R$ is about order $\sim O(10^{10})$ GeV and the mass of gravitino is $3.16 \times 10^{12}$ GeV, it is not reproduced after the reheating of the universe. The gravitinos are produced almost instantly just after the end of inflation through $Y$ and $T$, not from inflaton. Because the decay time appears very rapid, gravitinos disappear before the BBN stage of the universe. The effects of the lightest supersymmetric particles (LSP) produced by gravitinos may be important to investigate more carefully, if the LSP's are the candidate of dark matter.