A generalized Kramers-Kronig transform for Casimir effect computations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a modified Kramers-Kronig transform using analytic window functions, enabling more accurate determination of material permittivity from optical data for precise Casimir force calculations.

Contribution

It proposes a new dispersion relation method that reduces dependence on low-frequency extrapolation, improving the reliability of permittivity estimates from experimental optical data.

Findings

The modified transform effectively isolates available data, eliminating the need for uncertain low-frequency extrapolations.

Application to conductors shows improved accuracy in permittivity estimation.

Enhances theoretical predictions of Casimir forces with experimental data.

Abstract

Recent advances in experimental techniques now permit to measure the Casimir force with unprecedented precision. In order to achieve a comparable precision in the theoretical prediction of the force, it is necessary to accurately determine the electric permittivity of the materials constituting the plates along the imaginary frequency axis. The latter quantity is not directly accessible to experiments, but it can be determined via dispersion relations from experimental optical data. In the experimentally important case of conductors, however, a serious drawback of the standard dispersion relations commonly used for this purpose, is their strong dependence on the chosen low-frequency extrapolation of the experimental optical data, which introduces a significant and not easily controllable uncertainty in the result. In this paper we show that a simple modification of the standard dispersion relations, involving suitable analytic window functions, resolves this difficulty, making it possible to reliably determine the electric permittivity at imaginary frequencies solely using experimental optical data in the frequency interval where they are available, without any need of uncontrolled data extrapolations.