Excess charge for pseudo-relativistic atoms in Hartree-Fock theory

TL;DR

This paper proves that in pseudo-relativistic Hartree-Fock theory, the maximum negative charge and ionization energy of an atom stay bounded regardless of nuclear charge, provided the product of charge and fine structure constant is bounded.

Contribution

It establishes bounds on negative ionization charge and ionization energy in pseudo-relativistic Hartree-Fock theory independent of nuclear charge Z.

Findings

Negative ionization charge remains bounded as Z increases.

Ionization energy remains bounded as Z increases.

Results hold as long as Zα is bounded.

Abstract

We prove within the Hartree-Fock theory of pseudo-relativistic atoms that the maximal negative ionization charge and the ionization energy of an atom remain bounded independently of the nuclear charge Z and the fine structure constant \alpha as long as Z\alpha is bounded.