Experimental and Theoretical Evidence for Extended Particle Models

TL;DR

This paper reviews experimental searches for non point-like behavior of fundamental particles, finds deviations suggesting excited states, and proposes a classical particle model consistent with experimental size limits and gravitational considerations.

Contribution

It introduces a semi-mechanical classical model of particles as gyroscopes, aligning with experimental size constraints and extending to gravitational and nonlinear electrodynamics frameworks.

Findings

Experimental data shows a 5 sigma deviation from the Standard Model for excited electron states.

The proposed classical model's size matches experimental limits at 1.86x10^{-17} cm.

Incorporating gravity suggests an inner mass kernel of 1.7x10^{-19} cm and a scalar mass of 154 GeV.

Abstract

We review the experimental searches on those interactions where the fundamental particles could exhibit a non point-like behavior. In particular we focus on the QED reaction measuring the differential cross sections for the process $ \EEGG $ at energies from sqrt{s} =55 GeV to 207 GeV using the data collected with the VENUS, TOPAZ, ALEPH, DELPHI L3 and OPAL from 1989 to 2003. The global fit to the data is 5 standard deviations away from the standard model expectation for the hypothesis of an excited state of the electron, corresponding to the cut-off scale Lambda =12.5 TeV. Assuming that this cut-off scale restricts the characteristic size of QED interaction to 15.7x10^{-18} cm, we perform an effort to assign in a semi-mechanical way all available properties of fundamental particles to a hypothetical classical object. Such object can be modeled as a classical gyroscope consisted of a non rotating inner massive kernel surrounded by an outer rotating massive layer equipped with charged sorted in a way to match the charge contents for different interactions. The model size of an electron agrees with 1.86x10^{-17} cm with the experiment. The introduction of a particle like structure related to gravity allows to estimate the inner mass kernel of an electron to 1.7x10^{-19} cm and the mass of a scaler to 154 GeV. The extension of the model to electrical charged particle-like structure in nonlinear electrodynamics coupled to General Relativity confirms the model in the global geometrical structure of mass and field distribution.