Stable Vortex-Bright Soliton Structures in Two-Component Bose Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the numerical creation and stability of vortex-bright soliton structures in two-component Bose-Einstein Condensates, revealing their robustness in various external potentials and their relation to experimentally observed dark-bright solitons.

Contribution

It introduces a stable vortex-bright soliton configuration in multi-dimensional BECs with defocusing interactions, extending understanding of topological solitons in quantum gases.

Findings

Vortex-bright solitons are numerically stable in 2D and 3D BECs.

These structures remain robust under different external confinements.

The work generalizes experimentally observed dark-bright solitons.

Abstract

We report the numerical realization and demonstration of robustness of certain 2-component structures in Bose-Einstein Condensates in 2 and 3 spatial dimensions with non-trivial topological charge in one of the components. In particular, we identify a stable symbiotic state in which a higher-dimensional bright soliton exists even in a homogeneous setting with defocusing interactions, as a result of the effective potential created by a stable vortex in the other component. The resulting vortex-bright solitary waves, which naturally generalize the recently experimentally observed dark-bright solitons, are examined both in the homogeneous medium and in the presence of parabolic and periodic external confinement and are found to be very robust.