Guage-field model of superfluid turbulence in the zero-temperature limit

TL;DR

This paper introduces a gauge-field extension to the Bose condensate model to better understand superfluid turbulence at near-zero temperatures, highlighting vortex interactions and phase transitions.

Contribution

It develops a novel gauge-field extension incorporating vortex interactions, linking the condensate model to a Ginzburg-Landau framework for superfluid turbulence.

Findings

Vortex lines form and interact due to superfluid motion.

The extended model describes turbulence transitions in different flow geometries.

The gauge coupling relates the superfluid velocity to the condensate.

Abstract

We present a gauge-field extension of the Bose condensate model that describes $T\approx0$ superfluid turbulence generated by the macroscopic motion of the superfluid. We first establish that the condensate model is dual to the short-range interacting loop gas model, wherein the loops represent quantum vortex lines. Vortex lines form, interact and proliferate as a result of the superfluid motion. Our extension is based on incorporating the Biot-Savart interaction between vortex lines, which is lacking in the loop gas model. We show that the extended loop gas is dual to a Ginzburg-Landau model, wherein the gauge coupling is between the macroscopic velocity field of the superfluid and the condensate. Applying the model to cylindrical and pipe flows, we describe how turbulence transitions with and without intermediate vortex flow, respectively.