Evolution of near-extremal-spin black holes using the moving puncture technique

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new radial coordinate for the Kerr metric in puncture form, enabling more accurate evolution of near-extremal spinning black holes using the moving puncture technique.

Contribution

A novel radial coordinate that maintains finite horizon radius in the extremal Kerr limit, improving black hole evolution accuracy near extremality.

Findings

Successfully evolved black holes with spins up to a/M=0.99

Improved accuracy in simulating near-extremal Kerr black holes

Constructed initial data for rapidly spinning black hole binaries

Abstract

We propose a new radial coordinate to write the Kerr metric in puncture form. Unlike the quasi-radial coordinate introduced previously, the horizon radius remains finite in our radial coordinate in the extreme Kerr limit a/M -> 1. This significantly improves the accuracy of the evolution of black holes with spins close to the extreme Kerr limit. We are able to evolve accurately both stationary and boosted black holes with spins as high as a/M=0.99 using initial data constructed in these new puncture coordinates. Initial data of compact binaries with rapidly spinning black holes can be constructed using our proposed new puncture metric for the background conformal metric. Our simulations for single black holes suggest that such initial data can be evolved successfully by the moving puncture technique.