Solutions of the spatially-dependent mass Dirac equation with the spin and pseudo-spin symmetry for the Coulomb-like potential

TL;DR

This paper derives exact analytical solutions for the Dirac equation with a spatially dependent mass under Coulomb-like potential, considering spin and pseudospin symmetries, and explores special cases including s-wave and non-relativistic limits.

Contribution

It provides a novel analytical approach to solve the Dirac equation with spatially dependent mass using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method under spin and pseudospin symmetry.

Findings

Exact bound state energy eigenvalues obtained

Analytic upper and lower spinor solutions derived

Special cases like s-wave and non-relativistic limits analyzed

Abstract

We study the effect of spatially dependent mass function over the solution of the Dirac equation with the Coulomb potential in the (3+1)-dimensions for any arbitrary spin-orbit $\kappa $ state$.$ In the framework of the spin and pseudospin symmetry concept, the analytic bound state energy eigenvalues and the corresponding upper and lower two-component spinors of the two Dirac particles are obtained by means of the Nikiforov-Uvarov method, in closed form. This physical choice of the mass function leads to an exact analytical solution for the pseudospin part of the Dirac equation. The special cases $% \kappa =\pm 1$ ($l=\widetilde{l}=0,$ i.e., s-wave)$,$ the constant mass and the non-relativistic limits are briefly investigated.