Weak ties: Subtle role of information diffusion in online social networks

TL;DR

This paper investigates the subtle role of weak ties in online social networks, revealing that they connect communities but do not necessarily accelerate information diffusion when preferentially selected.

Contribution

The study introduces a model analyzing how weak ties influence information diffusion and demonstrates their nuanced role through large-scale network experiments.

Findings

Weak ties connect isolated communities and facilitate breaking local information traps.

Random selection of weak ties can enhance information spread, unlike preferential selection.

Removing weak ties sharply reduces information coverage, highlighting their importance.

Abstract

As a social media, online social networks play a vital role in the social information diffusion. However, due to its unique complexity, the mechanism of the diffusion in online social networks is different from the ones in other types of networks and remains unclear to us. Meanwhile, few works have been done to reveal the coupled dynamics of both the structure and the diffusion of online social networks. To this end, in this paper, we propose a model to investigate how the structure is coupled with the diffusion in online social networks from the view of weak ties. Through numerical experiments on large-scale online social networks, we find that in contrast to some previous research results, selecting weak ties preferentially to republish cannot make the information diffuse quickly, while random selection can achieve this goal. However, when we remove the weak ties gradually, the coverage of the information will drop sharply even in the case of random selection. We also give a reasonable explanation for this by extra analysis and experiments. Finally, we conclude that weak ties play a subtle role in the information diffusion in online social networks. On one hand, they act as bridges to connect isolated local communities together and break through the local trapping of the information. On the other hand, selecting them as preferential paths to republish cannot help the information spread further in the network. As a result, weak ties might be of use in the control of the virus spread and the private information diffusion in real-world applications.