Competing Boundary Interactions in a Josephson Junction Network with an Impurity

TL;DR

This paper explores how competing boundary interactions in a Josephson junction network with an impurity lead to novel quantum phases and stabilize a fixed point, enabling $4e$ superconductivity through engineered coupling.

Contribution

It introduces a boundary double Sine-Gordon model with impurity coupling, revealing nonperturbative phenomena and a new stable fixed point in Josephson junction networks.

Findings

Emergence of nonperturbative quantum phases due to boundary interaction competition.

Stabilization of a robust finite coupling fixed point in the Josephson network.

Potential realization of $4e$ superconductivity at specific scales.

Abstract

We analyze a perturbation of the boundary Sine-Gordon model where two boundary terms of different periodicities and scaling dimensions are coupled to a Kondo-like spin degree of freedom. We show that, by pertinently engineering the coupling with the spin degree of freedom, a competition between the two boundary interactions may be induced, and that this gives rise to nonpertubative phenomena, such as the emergence of novel quantum phases: indeed, we demonstrate that the strongly coupled fixed point may become unstable as a result of the "deconfinement" of a new set of phase-slip operators -the short instantons- associated with the less relevant boundary operator. We point out that a Josephson junction network with a pertinent impurity located at its center provides a physical realization of this boundary double Sine-Gordon model. For this Josephson junction network, we prove that the competition between the two boundary interactions stabilizes a robust finite coupling fixed point and, at a pertinent scale, allows for the onset of $4e$ superconductivity.