A lower limit of 50 microgauss for the magnetic field near the Galactic Centre

TL;DR

This paper establishes a lower limit of 50 microgauss for the magnetic field near the Galactic Centre by analyzing radio spectra and gamma-ray constraints, suggesting a significant magnetic energy concentration in a small volume.

Contribution

It provides the first robust lower bound on the magnetic field strength near the Galactic Centre based on spectral analysis and gamma-ray emission constraints.

Findings

The magnetic field near the Galactic Centre is at least 50 microG.

The magnetic energy is concentrated in less than 0.05% of the Galaxy's volume.

A field of about 100 microG is consistent with multiple observational constraints.

Abstract

The amplitude of the magnetic field near the Galactic Centre has been uncertain by two orders of magnitude for several decades. On a scale of approximately 100 pc fields of approximately 1000 microG have been reported, implying a magnetic energy density more than 10,000 times stronger than typical for the Galaxy. Alternatively, the assumption of pressure equilibrium between the various phases of the Galactic Centre interstellar medium (including turbulent molecular gas; the contested "very hot" plasma; and the magnetic field) suggests fields of approximately 100 microG over approximately 400 pc size scales. Finally, assuming equipartition, fields of only approximately 6 microG have been inferred from radio observations for 400 pc scales. Here we report a compilation of previous data that reveals a down-break in the region's non-thermal radio spectrum (attributable to a transition from bremsstrahlung to synchrotron cooling of the in situ cosmic-ray electron population). We show that the spectral break requires that the Galactic Centre field be at least 50 microG on 400 pc scales, lest the synchrotron-emitting electrons produce too much gamma-ray emission given existing constraints. Other considerations support a field of 100 microG, implying that > 10% of the Galaxy's magnetic energy is contained in only < 0.05% of its volume.