2 types of spicules "observed" in 3D realistic models

TL;DR

This paper presents 3D realistic models of the solar atmosphere that naturally produce two distinct types of spicule-like phenomena, enhancing understanding of their properties and differences from observations.

Contribution

The study introduces a new modeling approach that reproduces two types of spicules in the solar atmosphere using advanced 3D MHD simulations.

Findings

Two types of spicules naturally emerge in the models.

Differences between modeled and observed spicules are discussed.

Model improvements needed for better agreement.

Abstract

Realistic numerical 3D models of the outer solar atmosphere show two different kind of spicule-like phenomena, as also observed on the solar limb. The numerical models are calculated using the 2 types of spicules "observed" in 3D realistic models Oslo Staggered Code (OSC) to solve the full MHD equations with non-grey and NLTE radiative transfer and thermal conduction along the magnetic field lines. The two types of spicules arise as a natural result of the dynamical evolution in the models. We discuss the different properties of these two types of spicules, their differences from observed spicules and what needs to be improved in the models.