Relativistic Klein-Gordon charge effects by information-theoretic measures

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how charge distribution in Klein-Gordon particles under Coulomb potential varies with nuclear charge and quantum states using information-theoretic measures, comparing relativistic and non-relativistic cases.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of charge effects in Klein-Gordon particles using information-theoretic measures, including relativistic and non-relativistic comparisons.

Findings

Charge spreading depends on nuclear charge Z and quantum numbers.

Relativistic and non-relativistic values are compared and contrasted.

Non-relativistic limits are established at large quantum numbers and small Z.

Abstract

The charge spreading of ground and excited states of Klein-Gordon particles moving in a Coulomb potential is quantitatively analyzed by means of the ordinary moments and the Heisenberg measure as well as by use of the most relevant information-theoretic measures of global (Shannon entropic power) and local (Fisher's information) types. The dependence of these complementary quantities on the nuclear charge Z and the quantum numbers characterizing the physical states is carefully discussed. The comparison of the relativistic Klein-Gordon and non-relativistic Schrodinger values is made. The non-relativistic limits at large principal quantum number n and for small values of Z are also reached.