Universal Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phases in one-dimensional strongly attractive SU(N) fermionic cold atoms

TL;DR

This paper derives algebraic equations for the low-temperature thermodynamics of one-dimensional strongly attractive SU(N) fermionic atoms, revealing universal multi-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phases and their properties.

Contribution

It provides the first exact algebraic framework to analyze low-temperature thermodynamics and universal TLL phases in multi-component SU(N) fermionic cold atoms with Zeeman splitting.

Findings

Universal multi-component TLL phases identified

Equation of states derived for N-component Fermi gases

Low-temperature physics classified into two-component asymmetric TLL

Abstract

A simple set of algebraic equations is derived for the exact low-temperature thermodynamics of one-dimensional multi-component strongly attractive fermionic atoms with enlarged SU(N) spin symmetry and Zeeman splitting. Universal multi-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) phases are thus determined. For linear Zeeman splitting, the physics of the gapless phase at low temperatures belongs to the universality class of a two-component asymmetric TLL corresponding to spin-neutral N-atom composites and spin-(N-1)/2 single atoms. The equation of states is also obtained to open up the study of multi-component TLL phases in 1D systems of N-component Fermi gases with population imbalance.