Dynamics of Uniform Quantum Gases, II: Magnetic Susceptibility

TL;DR

This paper derives a comprehensive formula for the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility of quantum gases with charge and spin, analyzing magnetic phase conditions and behaviors across different quantum states.

Contribution

It provides a generalized expression for magnetic susceptibility in quantum gases, including conditions for various magnetic phases and behaviors at different temperatures.

Findings

Zero-temperature limits match Landau and Pauli susceptibilities.

Bose gases exhibit transitions through diamagnetic and paramagnetic regimes before BEC.

Analysis of magnetic phase conditions based on charge and spin parameters.

Abstract

A general expression for temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility of quantum gases composed of particles possessing both charge and spin degrees of freedom has been obtained within the framework of the generalized random-phase approximation. The conditions for the existence of dia-, para-, and ferro-magnetism have been analyzed in terms of a parameter involving single-particle charge and spin. The zero-temperature limit retrieves the expressions for the Landau and the Pauli susceptibilities for an electron gas. It is found for a Bose gas that on decreasing the temperature, it passes either through a diamagnetic incomplete Meissner-effect regime or through a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic large magnetization fluctuation regime before going to the Meissner phase at BEC critical temperature.