Nuclear physics from strong coupling QCD

TL;DR

This paper explores the phase diagram and nuclear matter properties in strong coupling lattice QCD, revealing a tricritical point, nuclear interactions at low chemical potential, and the origin of these interactions as a steric effect.

Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive phase diagram and nucleon-nucleon potential in strong coupling QCD, highlighting the steric origin of nuclear interactions.

Findings

Identification of a tricritical point in the phase diagram

Determination of nucleon-nucleon potential at strong coupling

Nuclear masses as a function of atomic number A

Abstract

The strong coupling limit (beta_gauge = 0) of QCD offers a number of remarkable research possibilities, of course at the price of large lattice artifacts. Here, we determine the complete phase diagram as a function of temperature T and baryon chemical potential mu_B, for one flavor of staggered fermions in the chiral limit, with emphasis on the determination of a tricritical point and on the T ~ 0 transition to nuclear matter. The latter is known to happen for mu_B substantially below the baryon mass, indicating strong nuclear interactions in QCD at infinite gauge coupling. This leads us to studying the properties of nuclear matter from first principles. We determine the nucleon-nucleon potential in the strong coupling limit, as well as masses m_A of nuclei as a function of their atomic number A. Finally, we clarify the origin of nuclear interactions at strong coupling, which turns out to be a steric effect.