Layered Tropical Mathematics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a layered tropical mathematics framework that generalizes supertropical algebras, improving polynomial factorization, variety description, and calculus applications by incorporating a semiring-based layered structure.

Contribution

It presents a novel layered structure for tropical mathematics that enhances the analysis of polynomials and varieties compared to standard supertropical methods.

Findings

More effective polynomial factorization techniques.

Enhanced description of tropical varieties.

Connections to recent tropical developments like characteristic 1 and hyperfields.

Abstract

Generalizing supertropical algebras, we present a "layered" structure, "sorted" by a semiring which permits varying ghost layers, and indicate how it is more amenable than the "standard" supertropical construction in factorizations of polynomials, description of varieties, properties of the resultant, and for mathematical analysis and calculus, in particular with respect to multiple roots of polynomials. Explicit examples and comparisons are given for various sorting semirings such as the natural numbers and the positive rational numbers, and we see how this theory relates to some recent developments in the tropical literature such as "characteristic 1," "analytification," and "hyperfields."