The Quark Dirac Sea and the Contracted Universe cooperate to produce the Big Bang

TL;DR

This paper proposes that the interaction between a quark Dirac sea and the contracting universe causes quark excitation and annihilation, releasing energy that triggers the Big Bang, offering a new physical explanation for its origin.

Contribution

It introduces an expanded Dirac sea model including quarks and explains the Big Bang as a consequence of gravitationally induced quark excitation and annihilation.

Findings

Quark excitation occurs when gravitational pull exceeds quark binding force.

Energy released from quark-antiquark annihilation can account for the Big Bang.

The model describes a homogeneous, isotropic vacuum with no net charge or gravity field.

Abstract

The Big Bang theory cannot and does not provide any explanation for the primordial hot and dense initial condition. In order to give an explanation for the cause of the Big Bang, this paper expands the original Dirac sea (which includes only electrons) to the quark Dirac sea (QDS) including quarks (u and d) for producing the Big Bang with quark energy. The QDS is composed of "relatively infinite" u-quarks and d-quarks as well as electrons with negative energy in the vacuum. A huge number of domains with sizes much smaller than $10^{-18}$m of the body-central cubic quark lattice with a lattice constant "a" = Planck length ($1.62\times10^{-35}m$) are distributed randomly over the QDS. The QDS is a homogeneous, isotropic, equivalent "continuous" and "empty" (no net electric charge, no net color charge, no gravitational force field since the gravitational potential is the same at any physical point in the QDS) perfect vacuum model. The gravity of the universe pulls on the quarks inside the QDS. The pulling force becomes larger and larger as the universe shrinks and shrinks. Once the pulling force is larger than the binding force on the quarks by the whole QDS, a huge number of quarks and antiquarks will be excited out from the QDS. This is a necessary and sufficient condition for the Big Bang. The huge number of excited quark-antiquark pairs annihilate back to the QDS and release a huge amount of energy; these energies make the big bang.