Interacting polytropic gas model of phantom dark energy in non-flat universe

TL;DR

This paper introduces an interacting polytropic gas model for dark energy in a non-flat universe, demonstrating conditions under which it behaves as phantom energy with an equation of state less than -1.

Contribution

It develops a new polytropic gas model for dark energy in non-flat universes and derives conditions for phantom behavior, extending previous models.

Findings

Polytropic index and parameters determine phantom behavior.

Equation of state can be less than -1 under specific conditions.

Model provides a framework for phantom dark energy in non-flat cosmology.

Abstract

By introducing the polytropic gas model of interacting dark energy, we obtain the equation of state for the polytropic gas energy density in a non-flat universe. We show that for even polytropic index by choosing $K>Ba^{\frac{3}{n}}$, one can obtain $\omega^{\rm eff}_{\Lambda}<-1$, which corresponds to a universe dominated by phantom dark energy.