A New Kind of Scalar Particle

TL;DR

This paper predicts a new scalar particle that couples quarks and leptons, based on observed hypercharge splittings, and discusses potential experimental detection methods at colliders.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scalar particle arising from hypercharge splitting patterns, expanding the understanding of scalar interactions beyond the Standard Model.

Findings

Identification of a new scalar particle with charge -1/3e

Proposed experimental detection methods at hadron colliders

Analysis of decay modes involving top quarks and tau leptons

Abstract

The pattern of quantum numbers in the leptons and quarks indicate that precisely two fixed hypercharge splittings are observed in nature. The $|\Delta Y|=1$ splitting corresponds to the $SU(2)_L$ scalar and doublet spacing, indicative of the Yukawa interactions of the Higgs mechanism. A $|\Delta Y|=4/3$ splitting is identified between corresponding $SU(3)_C$ scalars and triplets. The properties of this splitting are the basis for the prediction of a new kind of scalar particle that directly couples quarks and leptons. Possible experimental methods for detecting a strongly interacting, charge -1$e$/3 scalar particle are presented for the examples of exotic decay modes of the top quark and the analysis of $t\bar{t}\tau^+\tau^-$ production at hadron colliders.