How Common are Extrasolar, Late Heavy Bombardments?

TL;DR

This paper models the Solar System's impact history during the Late Heavy Bombardment and compares it with debris disc observations, concluding such events are rare among Sun-like stars.

Contribution

It introduces a model of the Solar System's impact history based on the Nice model and assesses the rarity of heavy bombardment events.

Findings

Solar System was among the brightest debris discs before LHB

Heavy bombardment events occur in less than 12% of Sun-like stars

Model aligns with observed debris disc evolution patterns

Abstract

The habitability of planets is strongly affected by impacts from comets and asteroids. Indications from the ages of Moon rocks suggest that the inner Solar System experienced an increased rate of impacts roughly 3.8 Gya known as the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB). Here we develop a model of how the Solar System would have appeared to a distant observer during its history based on the Nice model of Gomes et al. (2005). We compare our results with observed debris discs. We show that the Solar System would have been amongst the brightest of these systems before the LHB. Comparison with the statistics of debris disc evolution shows that such heavy bombardment events must be rare occurring around less than 12% of Sun-like stars.