Stability of the singular vortex and associated Majorana zero modes in trapped p-wave resonant superfluids of neutral cold atoms

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability conditions of singular vortices hosting Majorana zero modes in trapped p-wave superfluids of cold atoms, using Ginzburg-Landau theory to map stable regions in parameter space.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the stability conditions and spatial structure of vortices with Majorana modes in p-wave superfluids under rotation.

Findings

Stable vortex regions are narrow and depend on rotation and trap frequencies.

The spatial structure of the order parameter in chiral p-wave superfluids is characterized.

Conditions for the existence of Majorana zero modes are identified.

Abstract

The stability conditions for the singular vortex which accompanies Majorana zero modes at the core are investigated for p-wave resonant superfluids of atomic Fermi gases. Within the Ginzburg-Landau framework we determine the stable conditions in the parameter space for the external rotation frequency and the harmonic trap frequency. There exists the narrow stable region in this parameter space for quasi-two-dimensional condensates. We also describe the detailed characterizations of the spatial structure of the order parameter in the chiral p-wave superfluids under rotation.