Extending the search for neutrino point sources with IceCube above the horizon

TL;DR

This paper extends IceCube's neutrino point source search to the southern sky by including above-horizon events with energy-sensitive background suppression, enhancing sensitivity at PeV to EeV energies.

Contribution

It introduces a method to include above-horizon events in IceCube's analysis, expanding the sky coverage and energy range for neutrino point source searches.

Findings

No significant neutrino point sources detected.

Established upper limits for sources up to EeV energies.

Extended IceCube's field of view to the southern sky.

Abstract

Point source searches with the IceCube neutrino telescope have been restricted to one hemisphere, due to the exclusive selection of upward going events as a way of rejecting the atmospheric muon background. We show that the region above the horizon can be included by suppressing the background through energy-sensitive cuts. This approach improves the sensitivity above PeV energies, previously not accessible for declinations of more than a few degrees below the horizon due to the absorption of neutrinos in Earth. We present results based on data collected with 22 strings of IceCube, extending its field of view and energy reach for point source searches. No significant excess above the atmospheric background is observed in a sky scan and in tests of source candidates, including the Active Galactic Nuclei Centaurus A and 3C279. Upper limits are reported, which for the first time cover point sources in the southern sky up to EeV energies.