The yielding dynamics of a colloidal gel

TL;DR

This study uses high-frequency ultrasound to observe the local yielding dynamics of colloidal gels, revealing heterogeneous fluidization and energy barriers, which enhances understanding of the solid-to-fluid transition in soft materials.

Contribution

It introduces a novel ultrasonic technique to observe local dynamics in colloidal gels, providing new insights into the heterogeneous yielding process.

Findings

Yielding initiates at the cell walls and propagates heterogeneously.

Fluidization time varies with applied stress, indicating an energy barrier.

Technique enables detailed mesoscopic studies of soft solid rupture mechanisms.

Abstract

Attractive colloidal gels display a solid-to-fluid transition as shear stresses above the yield stress are applied. This shear-induced transition is involved in virtually any application of colloidal gels. It is also crucial for controlling material properties. Still, in spite of its ubiquity, the yielding transition is far from understood, mainly because rheological measurements are spatially averaged over the whole sample. Here, the instrumentation of creep and oscillatory shear experiments with high-frequency ultrasound opens new routes to observing the local dynamics of opaque attractive colloidal gels. The transition proceeds from the cell walls and heterogeneously fluidizes the whole sample with a characteristic time whose variations with applied stress suggest the existence of an energy barrier linked to the gelation process. The present results provide new test grounds for computer simulations and theoretical calculations in the attempt to better understand the yielding transition. The versatility of the technique should also allow extensive mesoscopic studies of rupture mechanisms in soft solids ranging from crystals to glassy materials.