The Active Universe

TL;DR

This paper introduces an active dynamics approach to Friedmann equations with a cosmological constant, revealing a cyclic universe model through numerical analysis, bridging complex systems theory and cosmology.

Contribution

It is the first to interpret Friedmann equations as an active dynamical system, demonstrating cyclic universe behavior.

Findings

Numerical evidence of a cyclic universe from active Friedmann equations

Extension of active motion concepts to gravitational systems

New perspective on cosmological models using complex systems theory

Abstract

Active motion is a concept in complex systems theory and was successfully applied to various problems in nonlinear dynamics. Explicit studies for gravitational potentials were missing so far. We interpret the Friedmann equations with cosmological constant as a dynamical system, which can be made active in a straightforward way. These active Friedmann equations lead to a cyclic universe, which is shown numerically.