Measuring the Superfluid Fraction of an Ultracold Atomic Gas

TL;DR

This paper introduces a spectroscopic method using optical beams with angular momentum to directly measure the superfluid fraction in ultracold atomic gases by simulating rotation.

Contribution

It presents a novel technique to quantify superfluidity in atomic gases through optical simulation of rotation and spectroscopic measurement.

Findings

Method enables direct measurement of superfluid fraction.

Uses optical beams to simulate rotation in atomic gases.

Provides a spectroscopic approach for superfluidity assessment.

Abstract

We propose a method to measure the superfluid fraction of an atomic gas. The method involves the use of a vector potential generated by optical beams with non-zero angular momentum to simulate uniform rotation. The induced change in angular momentum of the atomic gas can be measured spectroscopically. This allows a direct determination of the superfluid fraction.