Exophobic Quasi-Realistic Heterotic String Vacua

TL;DR

This paper constructs heterotic-string models that are free of massless exotic particles, showing that realistic, exotic-free vacua are abundant and potentially viable for realistic particle physics.

Contribution

It presents the first quasi-realistic heterotic-string models with no massless exotic states, advancing string phenomenology and model building.

Findings

Existence of heterotic-string vacua without massless exotics.

Statistical evidence of abundant realistic models in the Pati-Salam framework.

Models contain necessary Higgs fields for symmetry breaking and realistic Yukawa couplings.

Abstract

We demonstrate the existence of heterotic-string vacua that are free of massless exotic fields. The need to break the non-Abelian GUT symmetries in k=1 heterotic-string models by Wilson lines, while preserving the GUT embedding of the weak-hypercharge and the GUT prediction sin^2\theta_w(M(GUT))=3/8, necessarily implies that the models contain states with fractional electric charge. Such states are severely restricted by observations, and must be confined or sufficiently massive and diluted. We construct the first quasi-realistic heterotic-string models in which the exotic states do not appear in the massless spectrum, and only exist, as they must, in the massive spectrum. The SO(10) GUT symmetry is broken to the Pati-Salam subgroup. Our PS heterotic-string models contain adequate Higgs representations to break the GUT and electroweak symmetry, as well as colour Higgs triplets that can be used for the missing partner mechanism. By statistically sampling the space of Pati-Salam vacua we demonstrate the abundance of quasi--realistic three generation models that are completely free of massless exotics, rendering it plausible that obtaining realistic Yukawa couplings may be possible in this space of models.