Four-dimensional understanding of quantum mechanics and Bell violation

TL;DR

This paper explores how understanding the universe as a 4D spacetime influences quantum mechanics and Bell inequality violations, proposing a path-based perspective that aligns with relativistic and quantum principles.

Contribution

It introduces a 4D spacetime framework for quantum mechanics, linking Bell violations to path ensembles and maximal entropy principles in a novel way.

Findings

Bell inequalities are violated due to 4D path ensembles.

Quantum behavior emerges from maximal entropy random walks.

Spacetime perspective explains nonlocal correlations.

Abstract

While our natural intuition suggests us that we live in 3D space evolving in time, modern physics presents fundamentally different picture: 4D spacetime, Einstein's block universe, in which we travel in thermodynamically emphasized direction: arrow of time. Arguments for such nonintuitive and nonlocal living in kind of "4D jello" come among others from: Lagrangian mechanics we use from QFT to GR saying that history between fixed past and future situation is the one optimizing action, special relativity saying that different velocity observers have different own time directions, general relativity deforming shape of the entire spacetime up to switching time and space below the black hole event horizon, or the CPT theorem concluding fundamental symmetry between past and future for example in the Feynman-Stueckelberg interpretation of antiparticles as propagating back in time. Accepting this nonintuitive living in 4D spacetime: with present moment being in equilibrium between past and future - minimizing tension as action of Lagrangian, leads to crucial surprising differences from intuitive "evolving 3D" picture - allowing to conclude Bell inequalities, violated by the real physics. Specifically, particle in spacetime becomes own trajectory: 1D submanifold of 4D, making that statistical physics should consider ensembles like Boltzmann distribution among entire paths (like in Ising model), what leads to quantum behavior as we know from Feynman's Euclidean path integrals or similar Maximal Entropy Random Walk (MERW).