Astrophysical Implications of the Superstring-Inspired E_6 Unification and Shadow Theta-Particles

TL;DR

This paper explores a superstring-inspired unification model involving parallel ordinary and shadow worlds, proposing shadow theta-particles and a new confinement scale that could explain the cosmological constant and dark matter signals.

Contribution

It introduces a novel E_6 unification framework with shadow theta-particles and links the confinement scale to the tiny cosmological constant, offering new insights into dark matter.

Findings

Shadow theta-particles could be detectable as dark matter signals.

The confinement scale mbda'_ heta explains the observed cosmological constant.

The model predicts specific astrophysical signatures of theta-particles.

Abstract

We have developed a concept of parallel existence of the ordinary (O) and mirror (M), or shadow (Sh) worlds. E_6 unification, inspired by superstring theory, restores the broken mirror parity at the scale ~ 10^18 GeV. With the aim to explain the tiny cosmological constant, we consider the breakings: E_6 -> SO(10) X U(1)_Z - in the O-world, and E'_6 -> SU(6)' X SU(2)'_\theta - in the Sh-world. We assume the existence of shadow \theta-particles and the low energy symmetry group SU(3)'_C X SU(2)'_L X SU(2)'_\theta X U(1)'_Y in the shadow world, instead of the Standard Model. The additional non-Abelian SU(2)'_\theta group with massless gauge fields, "thetons", has a macroscopic confinement radius 1/\Lambda'_\theta. The assumption that \Lambda'_\theta\approx 2.3 X 10^-3 eV explains the tiny cosmological constant given by recent astrophysical measurements. Searching for the Dark Matter (DM), it is possible to observe and study various signals of theta-particles.