Light bending in the galactic halo by Rindler-Ishak method

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the Rindler-Ishak method for light bending in Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime also applies to galactic halo gravity, providing consistent corrections characterized by the parameter gamma.

Contribution

It shows that the Rindler-Ishak method yields the same gamma correction for galactic halo gravity as standard approaches, extending its applicability.

Findings

Rindler-Ishak method applies to galactic halo gravity

Gamma correction matches standard methods

Includes analysis of special cases

Abstract

After the work of Rindler and Ishak, it is now well established that the bending of light is influenced by the cosmological constant {\Lambda} appearing in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime. We show that their method, when applied to the galactic halo gravity parametrized by a constant {\gamma}, yields exactly the same {\gamma}- correction to Schwarzschild bending as obtained by standard methods. Different cases are analyzed, which include some corrections to the special cases considered in the original paper by Rindler and Ishak.