Hybrid electromagnetic circuits

TL;DR

This paper introduces hybrid electromagnetic circuits by connecting electromagnetic and magnetoelectric circuits using tetrahedral connectors, and provides a method to realize any response matrix with these hybrid circuits.

Contribution

It presents a novel way to combine electromagnetic and magnetoelectric circuits using epsilon=mu=0 connectors and characterizes their response matrices.

Findings

Hybrid circuits can be constructed with any symmetric response matrix with negative semidefinite imaginary part.

Tetrahedral connectors enable seamless integration of electromagnetic and magnetoelectric circuits.

The response of the hybrid circuits is governed by a specific class of matrices.

Abstract

Electromagnetic circuits are the electromagnetic analog at fixed frequency of mass-spring networks in elastodynamics. By interchanging the roles of epsilon and mu in electromagnetic circuits one obtains magnetoelectric circuits. Here we show that by introducing tetrahedral connectors having epsilon=mu=0 one can join electromagnetic and magnetoelectric circuits to obtain hybrid circuits. Their response is governed by a symmetric matrix with negative semidefinite imaginary part. Conversely given any such matrix a recipe is given for constructing a hybrid circuit which has that matrix as its response matrix.