Phase diagram for non-axisymmetric plasma balls

TL;DR

This paper explores the phase diagram of plasma balls and rings in the hydrodynamic/gravity correspondence, explicitly constructing non-axisymmetric solutions and discussing their implications for black hole physics and gravitational wave emission.

Contribution

It explicitly constructs non-axisymmetric plasma configurations and analyzes their role in the phase diagram, extending understanding of black hole instabilities in holographic models.

Findings

Identification of non-axisymmetric plasma solutions

Representation of these solutions in the phase diagram

Discussion of implications for gravitational wave emission

Abstract

Plasma balls and rings emerge as fluid holographic duals of black holes and black rings in the hydrodynamic/gravity correspondence for the Scherk-Schwarz AdS system. Recently, plasma balls spinning above a critical rotation were found to be unstable against m-lobed perturbations. In the phase diagram of stationary solutions the threshold of the instability signals a bifurcation to a new phase of non-axisymmetric configurations. We find explicitly this family of solutions and represent them in the phase diagram. We discuss the implications of our results for the gravitational system. Rotating non-axisymmetric black holes necessarily radiate gravitational waves. We thus emphasize that it would be important, albeit possibly out of present reach, to have a better understanding of the hydrodynamic description of gravitational waves and of the gravitational interaction between two bodies. We also argue that it might well be that a non-axisymmetric m-lobed instability is also present in Myers-Perry black holes for rotations below the recently found ultraspinning instability.