Quantum Phase Transitions in Spin-Boson Systems: Dissipation and Light Phenomena

TL;DR

This paper reviews quantum phase transitions in spin-boson models, highlighting their significance in quantum optics, dissipation, and computation, and discusses theoretical insights, open questions, and experimental implementations.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive comparison of different spin-boson Hamiltonians and summarizes recent theoretical and experimental developments.

Findings

Quantum phase transitions are crucial in understanding dissipation and light phenomena.

Various spin-boson models exhibit distinct phase transition behaviors.

Open questions remain in the experimental realization of these models.

Abstract

Spin-boson models are essentially useful in the understanding of quantum optics, nuclear physics, quantum dissipation, and quantum computation. We discuss quantum phase transitions in various spin-boson Hamiltonians, compare, and contrast them. We summarize the theoretical concepts and results, open questions and implementations of those ideas in cold atomic and QED cavity systems are also addressed.