Physics Programme of PANDA at FAIR

TL;DR

The PANDA experiment at FAIR aims to explore the transition between different QCD regimes by studying antiproton annihilations, focusing on hadron formation, exotic particles, and nucleon structure to deepen understanding of strong interactions.

Contribution

This paper details the physics goals of PANDA and explains why it is uniquely suited to investigate QCD phenomena at the nucleon scale.

Findings

Potential discovery of exotic hadrons with unusual quantum numbers

Enhanced understanding of the charmonium spectrum

Complementary insights into nucleon structure from electromagnetic measurements

Abstract

The standard model and Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) have undergone rigorous tests at distances much shorter than the size of a nucleon. Up to now, the predicted phenomena are reproduced rather well. However, at distances comparable to the size of a nucleon, new experimental results keep appearing which cannot be described consistently by effective theories based on QCD. The physics of strange and charmed quarks holds the potential to connect the two energy domains, interpolating between the limiting scales of QCD. This is the regime which will be explored using the future Antiproton Annihilations at Darmstadt (PANDA) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). In this contribution some of the most relevant physics topics are detailed; and the reason why PANDA is the ideal detector to study them is given. Precision studies of hadron formation in the charmonium region will greatly advance our understanding of hadronic structure. It may reveal particles beyond the two and three-quark configuration, some of which are predicted to have exotic quantum numbers in that mass region. It will deepen the understanding of the charmonium spectrum, where unpredicted states have been found recently by the B-factories. To date the structure of the nucleon, in terms of parton distributions, has been mainly investigated using scattering experiments. Complementary information will be acquired measuring electro-magnetic final states at PANDA.