Heat capacity of the generalized two-atom and many-atom gas in nonextensive statistics

TL;DR

This paper investigates the heat capacity of generalized two-atom and many-atom gases within Tsallis nonextensive statistics, revealing temperature-dependent extensivity and potential instability due to weak nonextensivity.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized gas model in Tsallis statistics and compares theoretical heat capacities with experimental data, highlighting nonextensive effects at low temperatures.

Findings

Gases appear extensive at normal temperatures

Nonextensivity may emerge at lower temperatures

Weak nonextensivity can cause instability in many-atom gases

Abstract

We have used the generalized two-atom ideal gas model in Tsallis statistics for the statistical description of a real gas. By comparing the heat capacity with the experimental results for the two-atom molecule gases such as N2, O2 and CO, we find that these gases appear extensive at normal temperature, but they may be nonextensive at the lower temperature. Furthermore, we study the heat capacity of the generalized many-atom gas model. We conclude that, for the many-atom gas with a high degree of freedom, a weak nonextensivity of 1-q<0 can lead to the instability.