TL;DR
This paper reviews theoretical models and implications of additional Z' gauge bosons predicted by extensions of the standard model, covering their properties, possible masses, couplings, and roles in particle physics and cosmology.
Contribution
It provides a broad survey of Z' gauge bosons, including novel examples like light Z's, Stueckelberg Z's, and those mediating supersymmetry breaking, highlighting new theoretical possibilities.
Findings
Classifies Z' bosons by mass and coupling properties.
Discusses implications for particle physics and cosmology.
Introduces novel Z' models such as light Z's and Stueckelberg Z's.
Abstract
Additional Z' gauge bosons are predicted by a wide variety of extensions of the standard model (SM). Possibilities include TeV-scale bosons with electroweak coupling, very light bosons which nearly decouple from the standard model particles, and bosons which communicate with a quasi-hidden sector. A broad survey is given of the theoretical possibilities and of the physics implications for particle physics and cosmology. Several novel examples, including light Z's suggested by PAMELA, Stueckelberg Z's, and Z's associated with the mediation of supersymmetry breaking, are described.
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