Slow Galaxy Growth within Rapidly Growing Dark Matter Halos

TL;DR

This paper investigates why massive galaxies grow slowly despite rapid dark matter halo growth, finding that stellar mass distribution among satellites explains the slow stellar mass increase.

Contribution

The study models galaxy-halo relationships using halo occupation distribution, revealing the proportionality of stellar to halo mass and the satellite distribution's role in slow galaxy growth.

Findings

Stellar mass is proportional to halo mass to the power of one-third.

Most stellar mass in massive halos resides in satellite galaxies.

Large galaxies' stellar mass growth is slow despite rapid halo growth.

Abstract

In cold dark matter cosmologies, the most massive dark matter halos undergo rapid growth between a redshift of z=1 and z=0, corresponding to the past 7 billion years of cosmic time. There is thus an expectation that the stellar masses of the most massive galaxies will also rapidly grow via merging over this redshift range. While there are examples of massive merging galaxies at low redshift, recent observations show that the stellar masses of massive galaxies have grown by only 30% since z=1. Some of the literature claims that the slow growth of massive galaxies is contrary to the CDM paradigm, although this is not necessarily the case. To determine why massive galaxies are not growing rapidly, we have modeled how galaxies populate dark matter halos. To do this, we have measured the space density and spatial clustering of redshift z<1 galaxies in the Bootes field of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey. We have then modeled the observations using the halo occupation distribution (HOD) formalism. We find that the stellar masses of the largest galaxies are proportional to dark matter halo mass to the power of a third. In the most massive dark matter halos, we also find that the stellar mass is distributed mostly among "satellite" galaxies. As a consequence, the stellar masses of large galaxies are expected to increase relatively slowly, even though they reside within rapidly growing dark matter halos.